Printing Glossary - Letter C

Caking: During printing, the ink pigments leave spots on the press rollers because the vehicle that carries the ink is not able to suspend the ink pigment. It affects drying, adhesion, and print appearance. Formulation choices influence drying time and rub resistance.

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) refers to A common filler and coating pigment (CaCO3) that increases brightness, whiteness, smoothness, and opacity of paper. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

In print practice, calcium sulfate (caso4) means A mineral filler and coating pigment (CaSO4) used to improve opacity and brightness in paper. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Calendar stacks can be defined as Refers to a group of steel rolls placed vertically that is found at the end of a paper machine. This helps to increase the paper’s smoothness. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock. Selection affects stiffness, opacity, and printability.

Calendering can be defined as done to achieve a smooth finish on paper. The process of calendering involves passing the paper through metal rolls to improve the glossiness and smoothness. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock. Selection affects stiffness, opacity, and printability.

Caliper describes The thickness of A paper that is measured in a thousandth of an inch. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Camera-ready art — Refers to artwork ready to be filmed by the film house department. It is a standard concept in printing.

Casebound can be defined as A book with hard and strong cover. It relates to book assembly and durability.

Cellulose refers to For the manufacturing of paper, cellulose is the main component of the walls of the wood fiber. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Cellulose fiber describes Refers to the remaining fiber that is left after bleaching and the separation of fibers from woods used in the production of paper. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock. Selection affects stiffness, opacity, and printability.

Centre spread: Facing pages found in the center of signatures of bookbinding. It relates to book assembly and durability.

Technically, chain lines describes Also referred to as chain mark and The line that is found in a parallel paper laid with the grain. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Chalking describes Refers to an inappropriate way of drying ink. The ink has been immersed quickly into the paper leaving a weak pigment layer that looks dusty. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock. Selection affects stiffness, opacity, and printability.

Character is Refers to either a type of font used in a letter, a character, a number, a symbol or space that is left blank that is used in typesetting. It is a standard concept in printing. Usage varies with process and material.

Character count is Refers to the number of alphabet or number that is found in a group of text. It is a standard concept in printing.

Chemical ghosting: A duplication of a printed image that is found on the other side of a paper on the same sheet. It is caused by chemical reactions that occurred in the drying stage. It was also known as gas ghosting. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock. Selection affects stiffness, opacity, and printability.

Chemical pulp means fiber of wood that has been cooked by chemicals which creates a pulp that helps manufacture different printing papers and paper products. When a paper is manufactured with chemical pulp, it is known as a free sheet paper. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock. Selection affects stiffness, opacity, and printability.

Technically, chipboard describes cheap, thick cardboard that is made from reused paper stock. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Choke describes In the preparation of film negatives, The process involved in reducing the thickness of the image that has been printed. It is a metric used for setup or quality evaluation. Higher values do not always imply better quality; context matters.

Chromalin proofs: Refers to a process used in printing. This process makes use of clear plastic that has been exposed to the image and has gone through different types of colors to achieve the final printed image. It impacts color reproduction and consistency. Profiles and lighting conditions also play a role.

Cibachrome commonly denotes Refers to a fully colored print that is positive and photographic made from transparency. It is a standard concept in printing.

In print practice, clear formation means Refers to paper fibers that are scattered in a uniform order around the sheet of paper. This shows the quality of a good paper. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Close formation is Arranged density found within a sheet of paper. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Cloudy formation means It has the same effect as the cloud, makes the fiber structure cloudy and gives the impression of unevenness and it not being uniformly. It is equipment used for production or quality control. Calibration is essential for reliable results.

Cockle finish describes An uneven and rough finish that is usually manufactured in bond papers. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Cold color — A bluish color. It is a standard concept in printing.

Collate — In the process of binding, getting sectors together in a sequence. It relates to book assembly and durability.

Color bars means Bars of ink color is used to track a printed image. It shows the amount of ink applied by the press or the densities. It affects drying, adhesion, and print appearance. Formulation choices influence drying time and rub resistance.

Color comp — An imitation of a proposed layout used in the presentation. It is a standard concept in printing.

Technically, color correction describes Any means to improve the rendition of colors. It is a standard concept in printing.

Color guide means guidelines that are fastened to artwork or a disc that shows the mechanical location, percentage and the type of color asked of. It is a standard concept in printing. Usage varies with process and material.

Within the trade, color key refers to Refers to a proof that is overlaying and has just one color per sheet of acetate. It is a standard concept in printing.

Color processing printing is Refers to printing that is done with the aid of different colors such as yellow, black, magenta or cyan inks. Each color makes use of its negatives and plate. Also known as process color and or the four-color process. It affects drying, adhesion, and print appearance. Formulation choices influence drying time and rub resistance.

Color proofs refers to Refers to the initial pieces that were printed and then are removed from the press to get the final approval. It is equipment used for production or quality control.

Color scanner commonly denotes A machine that helps in the separation of color that is required in the full-color process of printing. It is a method of producing printed images.

Color separation: way in which the main color required to prepare the plates for the printing colorwork is broken down. It is a standard concept in printing. Usage varies with process and material.

Colorfastness is This refers the how a dyed paper can hold the dye in the presence of light or heat. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Commercial match refers to Refers to a paper that has been manufactured to the accepted tolerance when compared to a sample provided. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Commodity paper can be defined as A group of low-quality papers. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Composite image means Refers to a group of multiple pictures that are put together to form a single picture. It is a standard concept in printing.

In print practice, comprehensive layout means A stimulation layers out by a designer to show how the end work would look like. It is a standard concept in printing.

Technically, comprehensive proof describes Final proof a picture would take before it is printed. It is a standard concept in printing.

Condensed face or condensed type means Refers to a typeface that makes provision for more prints per line making it look like the letters are squashed per line. It is a standard concept in printing. Usage varies with process and material.

Conditioning is Gives the paper to adjust itself to the humidity and temperature of a printing plan before it is made use of. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Continuous tone — Tonal gradation with no halftone dot. It belongs to file preparation and imaging before printing.

Technically, converter describes A company that converts paper in its original form to products that can be used such as envelopes, label stock, etc. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Within the trade, correspondence papers refers to Papers written in attractive colors, finishes, etc. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock.

Cotton content papers commonly denotes Papers that make use of cotton fibers and linters. The most common papers today make use of letterhead applications. Papers that are made with cotton ranges from about 25%-100% of cotton content. It concerns the properties or grades of the paper stock. Selection affects stiffness, opacity, and printability.